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开孔聚氨酯是真空绝热板普遍采用的一种芯层材料。本文建立了开孔聚氨酯泡沫多孔介质材料的简化单元体模型,描述其微尺度空间结构,并导出了气相和固相热传导计算公式、热辐射等效导热系数计算公式、材料总有效导热系数计算公式。计算可得开孔聚氨酯泡沫的导热系数与固体基质导热系数、厚度、泡孔内稀薄气体气压值等因素有关。实验测量了开孔聚氨酯泡沫真空绝热板的导热系数,模型计算值与实验测量值比较具有良好的一致性,文章对保温绝热材料的研制和绝热性能的提高具有实用价值。
Open-hole polyurethane vacuum insulation panels commonly used as a core material. In this paper, a simplified cell model of porous polyurethane foam porous materials was established, its microscale spatial structure was described, and the calculation formulas of gas phase and solid phase heat conduction, the calculation formulas of thermal radiation equivalent thermal conductivity, the formula of total effective thermal conductivity . Calculate the thermal conductivity of open-cell polyurethane foam is related to the thermal conductivity of the solid matrix, thickness, thin gas pressure and other factors within the cell. Experimentally measured the thermal conductivity of open-cell polyurethane foam vacuum insulation panels, the calculated values are in good agreement with the experimental measurements. The article has practical value for the development of thermal insulation materials and the improvement of thermal insulation properties.