目的　了解该市区 3～ 12岁儿童的肥胖患病情况 ,并探查其心理行为特点。方法　 1999年对石河子市 2 6 37名儿童体检并采用 Achenbach儿童行为量表对 133对正常与肥胖小学生进行配对对照研究。结果　儿童单纯性肥胖患病率为 12 .9% ,男性 15 .9% ,女性 9.9%。主要影响因素为饮食不规律。主要心理行为损害表现为抑郁 ,交往不良 ,社会退缩 ,攻击性。结论　不良行为引起的儿童单纯性肥胖应引起重视 Objective To understand the prevalence of obesity among 3-12-year-old children in the urban area and to explore their psychological and behavioral characteristics. Methods A total of 133 pairs of normal and obese primary school students were enrolled in the study from 2637 children in Shihezi City using Achenbach Children ’s Behavior Scale in 1999. Results The prevalence of simple obesity was 12.9% in children, 15.9% in males and 9.9% in females. The main influencing factors are irregular diet. Major psychological behavior damage manifested as depression, poor communication, social withdrawal, aggressiveness. Conclusions Children with simple obesity caused by bad behavior should pay more attention