20世纪下半叶,以黄河断流、长江变黄河、洪水频发为代表的生态危机,再一次敲响了中华民族存亡的警钟;2000年,几场波及我国北部半壁江山的沙尘暴以及随之而来的严重干旱,使国人在西部大开发的热潮中开始冷静地正视西部脆弱的生态。实际上,这些都与我国西部地区森林、草原和湿地等自然生态系统的破坏、水资源的不合理开发利用以及荒漠化的加剧发展相关。打开历史,重温张骞通西域的2000多年以来,我国西北环境在人类开发活动中发生的沧桑巨变,特别是生态环境的破坏性开发使发展与生存均难以为继的惨痛历史事实,于今无疑是避免重蹈覆辙的有益警示。 In the second half of the 20th century, the ecological crisis represented by the Yellow River drying up, the Yellow River turning to the Yellow River and the frequent floods once again sounded the alarm of the survival of the Chinese nation. In 2000, several dust storms that affected half of the northern part of our country, The serious droughts that have come so that the Chinese people can calmly face the fragile ecology of the west in the upsurge of developing the west part of the country. In fact, these are all related to the destruction of natural ecosystems such as forests, grasslands and wetlands in western China, unreasonable exploitation and utilization of water resources, and the worsening development of desertification. To open history and review the profound changes that have taken place in the development activities of mankind in northwestern China over 2000 years since the re-opening of Zhang Qian’s Western Regions, there is no doubt that the vicissitudes of history in the exploitation of human beings in our country have not changed since the devastating development of the ecological environment, It is a useful warning to avoid repeating the same mistakes.