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一些理论和实验研究表明,当核外条件(物理、化学环境)发生改变时,核素的放射性衰变发生显著的变化。Kenttner等预言由于德拜电子对带正电的粒子有加速作用,对带负电的粒子有减速作用,在低温金属环境下放射性核素α和β+衰变的半衰期缩短,β-和EC衰变的半衰期增长。Raiola等预言在低温金属环境下,238Uα衰变的半衰期将缩短3.2倍。
Some theoretical and experimental studies show that radionuclide decay changes significantly when conditions outside the nuclear (physical and chemical environment) change. Kenttner et al. Predicted that Debye electrons accelerate the positively charged particles and decelerate negatively charged particles. The half-lives of radionuclides α and β + decay are shortened and the half-lives of β-and EC decay are low in low-temperature metals increase. Raiola et al. Predicted that the half-life of 238Uα decay will be shortened by 3.2 times in low-temperature metal environment.