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热电制冷是本世纪五十年代出现的一种制冷新技术。然而作为它的依据的基本热电现象却是早在上世纪初发现的。其中最著名的是塞贝克发现的温差电流现象(1821年)和珀尔帖发现的温度反常现象(1834年)。由于当时只能使用热电性能差的金属和合金材料,能量转换的效率很低,在制冷技术上没有实际应用。第二次世界大战后,热电性能较好的半导体材料的出现推进了热电制冷的理论和实验研究.最初的研究对象是小冰箱和各种小型的恒温器
Thermoelectric refrigeration is a new cooling technology that emerged in the 1950s. However, the basic thermoelectricity as its basis was discovered as early as the beginning of the last century. One of the most famous is the thermoelectric current observed by Seebeck (1821) and the temperature anomalies discovered by Peltier (1834). Since only metals and alloys with poor thermoelectric properties were used at the time, the energy conversion efficiency was low and there was no practical application in refrigeration technology. After the Second World War, the emergence of better thermoelectric performance of semiconductor materials to promote the theoretical and experimental study of thermoelectric cooling.The initial study is a small refrigerator and a variety of small thermostats