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神经丝轻链多肽（ NEFL）是组成神经细胞骨架的关键成分，并与对神经细胞塑形至关重要的多个蛋白靶点有相互联系，在维持神经细胞形态及使有髓鞘的轴突再生方面起关键性作用，与多种运动神经元性疾病密切相关。最近研究发现，在某些神经系统外组织发生恶性肿瘤时可出现NEFL 异位表达，且其表达量可能与肿瘤的发生、发展和预后及治疗有关，从而可能成为某些肿瘤表观遗传学的标志物。因此，研究NEFL与肿瘤的关系，在肿瘤的早期诊断、预后评价及指导临床治疗等方面有着重要意义。“,”The neurofilament light polypeptide( NEFL) is the key element of the skeleton of nerve cells and it is interconnected with multiple protein targets which are essential to the nerve cell shaping .NEFL plays a key role in maintaining the neuronal caliber and making the axons regeneration,thus is associated with a variety of motor neuron diseases.Recent studies have indicated that NEFL is ectopically expressed in non-nervous system tissues when malignant neoplasm occurs and it is associated with the occurrence,develop-ment,prognosis and treatment of cancer,so NEFL may serve as a potential epigenetics biomarker of some tumors.Therefore,research in the relationship of the NEFL and diseases has significant meaning in early diagnosis,prognostic evaluation and guiding the clinical treatment for tumors.