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海上大陆架油田的开发促进了近海石油工程的进展。在近海石油工程设施中主要采用低强度和中强度钢作结构材料,这类钢材在海洋环境中会发生严重腐蚀,威胁到这些设施长期工作的可靠性。本文介绍了国外海上平台和海底管线电化学阴极保护的特点、现状和技术进展。对于牺牲阳极保护系统,着重介绍了铝合金牺牲阳极的材质、性能和形状,新阳极材料的开发,以及保护系统的设计、安装等;对于外加电流保护系统,介绍了其设计、安装等方面的技术进展。
The development of offshore continental oil fields has contributed to the progress of offshore oil engineering. Low-strength and medium-strength steels are mainly used as structural materials in offshore petroleum engineering facilities. Such steels can experience serious corrosion in the marine environment, threatening the long-term reliability of these facilities. This paper introduces the characteristics, current status and technical progress of electrochemical cathodic protection of offshore platforms and submarine pipelines. For the sacrificial anode protection system, the material, performance and shape of the aluminum alloy sacrificial anode, the development of the new anode material, and the design and installation of the protection system are emphatically introduced. For the applied current protection system, the design, installation and so on Technical progress.