论文部分内容阅读
1 加强流域水资源统一管理的必要性1.1 黄河的供水任务十分繁重,需要加强黄河水资源的统一管理黄河多年平均河川径流量580亿m~3,占全国河川径流的2%。地下水可开采量110亿m~3。黄河承担着占全国15%的耕地面积和12%的人口及50多座大中城市的供水任务,同时还要向流域外部分地区远距离调水。黄河河道内汛期输沙水量、非汛期河道基流、水土保持用水等生态环境需水量及下游河道蒸发渗漏损失水量共210亿m~3,国民经济各部门可利用的河川径流量仅370亿m~3,加上黄河地下水资源量可利用量约110
1. The Necessity of Strengthening the Unified Management of Water Resources in the Basin 1.1 The Yellow River has a heavy water supply task and requires the unified management of the Yellow River water resources. The average annual runoff of the Yellow River is 58 billion m 3, accounting for 2% of the national total. Groundwater can be recoverable 11 billion m ~ 3. The Yellow River undertakes the task of supplying 15% of the country’s cultivated land, 12% of the population and the water supply of more than 50 large and medium-sized cities while diverting water to remote areas outside the basin. The water volume for sediment transport in flood seasons in the Yellow River channels, the ecological water requirement for river basins in non-flood season, soil and water conservation, and the water loss for evaporation and leakage in the lower reaches of the Yellow River totaled 21 billion m 3. Only 37 billion river flows were available in various departments of the national economy m ~ 3, plus the Yellow River groundwater resources available amount of about 110