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为了分析痴呆致死亡的危险性并探讨其它疾病对寿命的影响，对３５３１名社区老年人（≥６５岁）进行５年随访调查，其中的１９７例痴呆中Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒ病（ＡＤ）１２７例、血管性痴呆（ＶＤ）５３例、其它痴呆（ＯＤ）１７例。除统计死亡率外，采用Ｃｏｘ法予相对危险性（ＲＲ）及归因危险性（ＡＲ）分析。结果显示，痴呆的年死亡率达１９．８９％，其中ＡＤ、ＶＤ和ＯＤ分别为１７．６８％、２５．７０％及２１．７１％。按年龄分组计算，６５～７４岁组痴呆的ＲＲ值（ＡＤ５．３５，ＶＤ７．１９）接近恶性肿瘤（５．５８）；≥７５岁组痴呆的ＲＲ值高于所有其它疾病，各种痴呆死亡归因危险性（ＡＲ合计值）高达２３．７１％。提示ＡＤ和ＶＤ均是导致死亡的恶性疾病，≥７５岁者尤甚，亟待在社区防治中引起高度重视。
To analyze the risk of death from dementia and to explore the impact of other diseases on life expectancy, 3531 community-aged elderly (≥65 years) were followed up for 5 years. Among them, 127 dementia patients had Alzheimer’s disease (AD) 53 cases of dementia (VD), 17 cases of other dementia (OD). In addition to statistical mortality, Cox was used for relative risk (RR) and at-risk (AR) analyzes. The results showed that the annual mortality rate of dementia reached 19.89%, of which AD, VD and OD were 17.68%, 25.70% and 21.71% respectively. According to the age group, the RR of dementia (AD5.35, VD7.19) in 65-74 age group was close to that of malignant tumor (5.58). The RR of dementia in ≥75 group was higher than all other diseases, Attribution risk (AR total value) is as high as 23.71%. Tip AD and VD are the leading cause of death of malignant disease, especially in those over 75 years of age, the urgent need to pay close attention to community control.