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一、引言 众所周知,速度方程的确定是反应动力学的重要课题,而其中的关键问题是确定反应级数。在确定反应级数的诸方法中,试差法长期被认为是笨拙而粗糙的方法。一些中外作者过去对试差法的评价为“方法繁杂,……不同级数往往难以区分。试差法一般适用于整数级。”“由于难于判断哪种关系图最接近于直线,因此使用试差法有很大的危险性,常常会得到错误的级数,……。”然而,电子计算机的应用,使试差法面目一新,它将优于确定反应级数的其它诸方法。相关系数试差法就是借助于电子计算机的试差法。由于它基于最小二乘法,避去了人工作图,二次作图,目测等,故它比微分法、半衰期法、坡威(Power)作图法等准确;又由于它借助于电子计算机,计算又十分快速。因此,相关系数试差法是既准确又快速的方法。
I. INTRODUCTION It is well-known that the determination of velocity equation is an important issue in reaction kinetics. The key issue is to determine the reaction order. In the methods of determining the order of reaction, the test of difference method has long been considered a clumsy and crude method. In the past, some Chinese and foreign authors appraised the trial-and-error method as “the method is complex, ... the different grades are often indistinguishable, and the trial-and-error method generally applies to the whole class.” “Since it is difficult to tell which relation graph is closest to a straight line, The difference method is very dangerous and often gets the wrong order ... .... ”However, the use of electronic computers makes the trial and error method a new one, and it will outperform other methods of determining the reaction order. Correlation coefficient test method is by means of electronic computer test method. It is more accurate than differential method, half-life method and Power mapping because it is based on the least-square method and avoids human work drawing, secondary drawing and visual inspection. Because it is based on electronic computer, Calculation is very fast. Therefore, the correlation coefficient test method is accurate and fast method.