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汉日语在数量名结构上的不同语序分别对应着不同的语法功能。汉语中数量名语序占绝对优势,名数量语序仅在极少数场合使用。日语中数量名语序与名数量语序的使用频率大致相当。本文从语言类型学角度出发,对百余种有量词语言中与量名语序相关的其他语序类型参项与量名语序参项的对应关系进行了统计和考察,发现了一些单向优势现象,很好地解释了汉日语数量名结构语序之间存在的巨大差异。
The different word order of Chinese and Japanese in number structure correspond to different grammatical functions respectively. In Chinese, the order of number and quantity occupies absolute predominance, and the order of quantity and quantity is only used in rare occasions. In Japanese, the order of the number of names and the order of the number of quantifiers is roughly the same. From the perspective of linguistic typology, this paper makes a statistic and investigation on the correspondences between the other word order items and the order items of the word names in the hundreds of quantifier languages, and finds some unidirectional advantages, This is a good explanation for the huge differences between the order of Chinese and Japanese names structure.