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关于我国经济效益下降的原因问题,人们已经进行了全方位、多角度的探索,并且提出了许多很好的见解。但是作者认为,以往对这一问题的研究多集中在表面层次,没有进一步探讨深层的客观因素。本文认为,除了人们已经提出的原因以外,制约我国经济效益的至少还有三点更一般、更深刻的原因:第一,随着技术进步和有机构成的提高,平均利润率下降规律对经济效益的遏制作用;第二,随着资源开发强度和稀缺程度的提高,资源报酬递减规律对经济效益的制约作用;第三,由于我们坚持社会效益和生态效益优先原则,往往也要以牺牲一些经济效益为代价。要克服以上三因素对经济效益的制约作用,仍然要依靠技术进步,但重点应放在劳动节约型技术进步,少搞劳动替代型技术进步。
As to the reasons for the decline of our economic efficiency, people have conducted all-round and multi-angle exploration and put forward many good opinions. However, the author believes that most of the previous studies on this issue were focused on the surface level and did not further explore the deeper objective factors. This paper argues that, besides the reasons that people have already proposed, there are at least three more general and deeper reasons that restrict the economic benefits of our country. First, with the progress of technology and the increase of organic composition, the law of declining average profit rate has a negative impact on the economic benefits Secondly, with the strength of resource development and the scarcity of resources, the law of diminishing returns to resources has a constraining effect on economic benefits. Thirdly, since we adhere to the principle of giving priority to social and ecological benefits, we often sacrifice some economic benefits For the price. To overcome the above three factors, the economic benefits of the restrictive effect, still rely on technological progress, but the emphasis should be placed on labor-saving technological progress, less labor-alternative technological advances.