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一、英国电力市场改革的经验与启示 英国的电力改革始于上个世纪80年代末期。英国的电力市场主要包括英格兰和威尔士电网,苏格兰电力市场仍以垂直一体化管理模式为主。改革的动因是由于原电力管理系统缺乏活力、垄断经营、政府干预太多,使得电力消费者负担加重、企业和社会效益出现大幅下滑的局面。为扭转这种被动的格局,英国电业主要实施了3大改革措施: 1.改革电业组织结构。将电力系统的“发电、输电、配电、供电”4个环节分开,各自成为独立法人,各自独立经营、自负盈亏,目的是塑造一批市场竞争主体,搞活电力市场。然而“发电、输电、
First, the experience of the British electricity market reform and inspiration British electricity reform began in the late 1980s. The UK electricity market mainly includes the power grids in England and Wales, while the Scottish electricity market is still dominated by vertically integrated management. The reason for the reform is that the power management system lacks vitality, monopoly management and government intervention so much that the electricity consumers are burdened with a sharp decline in corporate and social benefits. To reverse this passive pattern, BEWG implemented three major reform measures: 1. Reforming the structure of the E-commerce organization. Separate the four phases of “power generation, transmission, distribution, and power supply” of the power system and each becomes an independent legal entity, operating independently and assuming sole responsibility for its own profits and losses. The objective is to create a group of players in the market competition and invigorate the power market. However, "power generation, transmission,