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(一)上半年的农业生产是在十分困难的条件下进行的。去冬天寒雪大,地冻较早,而农村中统购棉、粮,征集兵员等任务又十分繁重;大批新农业社发展之后,未来的及进行整顿、巩固,生产未能立即就绪。所有这些,都使春耕生产准备工作受到了不小的影响。春耕期间,全省各地普遍表现肥料不足、种籽困难,灾区人口外流和因饲料缺乏而引起羊群、耕畜的死亡。据三月初统计:榆次专区肥料仅及常年的百分之六十。晋南、长治专区也仅及常年肥料的百分之七十——八十。雁北专区马铃薯种籽一项即缺一千四百万斤。由于饲草缺乏,致全省病饿而死的牲畜达六万头、羊群二十万只。雁北灾区当时已有二万二千四百余人外流内蒙。春耕生产开始后,又遇到了近年来未曾有过的天旱。据晋南区雨量记载:一至五月降雨量五一点七公厘,与去年同期降雨一三六点六公厘比较减少一倍半,较一九五三年一○八点三公厘减少一倍。天旱无雨不仅影响农作物的播种和生长,而且有的地区连人畜饮水也发生了困难,如万荣县每担水价达一元之多,学校为此而提前放假。这就是今年春耕生产期间所遇到的困难。
(I) Agricultural production in the first half of the year was conducted under very difficult conditions. In the winter, when the winter snow was heavy and the earth frost was earlier, the task of purchasing cotton and grain and collecting troops in rural areas was very heavy. After the development of a large number of new agricultural cooperatives, the future was rectified and consolidated and the production was not ready immediately. All of these make the preparations for the production of spring plowing a great deal of influence. During the spring plowing, there were not enough fertilizers, seed difficulties, outflows of affected areas and deaths of flocks and livestock due to lack of feedstuffs. According to early March statistics: Yuci area only 60% of perennial fertilizer. Jinnan, Changzhi area and perennial fertilizers only 70% - 80. Yanbei area potato seed a lack of 14 million kg. Due to the lack of forage grass, 60,000 livestock died of hunger and disease in the province, and 200,000 flocks of sheep died. There were over 24,400 people in Inner Mongolia in the quake-stricken area of Yanbei at that time. After spring production started, it encountered another drought that had not been experienced in recent years. According to the rainfall in Jinnan District, the rainfall of May-July was 51.7 mm in January-May, a decrease of 1.5 times as much as the rainfall of 136.6 mm in the same period of last year, and a decrease of 108.3 mm from 1953 Double Rain and drought not only affect the sowing and growth of crops, but also have difficulties in drinking water for human beings and animals in some areas. For example, the water price in Wanrong County reaches as much as one yuan each and the school prematurely leaves for this purpose. This is the difficulty encountered during the spring planting this year.