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以脱油沥青(Deoiled Asphalt)为碳源、二茂铁为催化剂,采用化学气相沉积法(CVD)制备碳纤维(CFs),其裂解后的残渣经真空热处理制得含镍碳纳米胶囊(CNCs)。用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和拉曼光谱(Raman)对产物进行表征。结果表明:碳纤维纯度较高,属中空结构,直径主要分布在200～500 nm范围内;含镍碳纳米胶囊为准球形核壳结构,核为金属镍,壳为石墨化碳,大小在5～30 nm范围,晶化程度较高,结构较完善。
Carbon fibers (CFs) were prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using Deoiled Asphalt as carbon source and ferrocene as catalyst. The cracked residue was vacuum heat-treated to obtain carbon nanocapsules (CNCs) . The products were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The results show that the carbon fiber is of high purity and hollow structure, and the diameter is mainly distributed in the range of 200-500 nm. The nickel carbon nanocapsule is a quasi-spherical core-shell structure, the nucleus is metallic nickel, the shell is graphitized carbon, 30 nm range, higher degree of crystallization, better structure.