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对马铃薯块茎蛾[Phthorimaes operculella(Zeller)]在马铃薯(Solanum tuberosumL.)叶片和块茎上产卵的特征进行了一系列的室内试验。通过一个特别设计的连接活性炭过滤器的双向选择的嗅觉仪,来判断马铃薯块茎蛾在两个供试样本之间的偏爱程度。结果表明:(1)马铃薯块茎蛾在马铃薯叶片上的产卵量明显比大白菜(Brassica oleraceavar.capitata),番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum)或辣椒(Capsicum annuum)叶片多。而在马铃薯和茄子(Solanum melongena)叶片之间没有明显的区别;(2)马铃薯块茎蛾在马铃薯块茎上的产卵量明显比在茄子果实和甘薯块根上多,而在马铃薯块茎和番茄果实或辣椒果实上的产卵量没有明显差别;(3)高温水煮和高压蒸汽都不能破坏马铃薯块茎吸引马铃薯块茎蛾的产卵行为,煮过后去皮的马铃薯块茎也不影响马铃薯块茎蛾的产卵行为;(4)除去块茎表皮或仅去其芽则明显减少马铃薯块茎蛾在其上产卵;(5)马铃薯块茎蛾对表皮为浅黄色、红色和紫色的块茎没有明显的产卵偏好;(6)成虫在涂有马铃薯块茎的正己烷提取液的滤纸上所产的卵明显比在只涂有正己烷溶液的滤纸上多。用相同的提取方法,在马铃薯叶片上没有提取出吸引马铃薯块茎蛾产卵的化学物质。由此推断,马铃薯块茎在储藏期,会不断的释放一些化学物质来吸引马铃薯块茎蛾在块茎上产卵,这些化学物质的其它的特征有待进一步研究。
A series of laboratory tests were conducted on the characteristics of spawn [Phthorimaes operculella (Zeller)] spawning on leaves and tubers of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). A specially designed two-way olfactometer with an activated charcoal filter was used to determine the preference of potato tubers between two test samples. The results showed that: (1) The tuber moth larvae on potato leaves had significantly more eggs than Brassica oleraceavar.capitata, Lycopersicon esculentum or Capsicum annuum leaves. While there was no significant difference between potato and eggplant (Solanum melongena) leaves; (2) tuber moths on potato tubers produced significantly more eggs than potato and tuberous roots, whereas in tuber and tomato fruit or (3) High-temperature boiling and high-pressure steam could not destroy the potato tubers to attract the potato tuber moths’ oviposition behavior, and the peeled potato tubers did not affect the spawning of the potato tuber moths after cooking Behavior; (4) removal of the tuber epidermis or its buds alone significantly reduced potato tuber moths laying eggs thereon; (5) the potato tuber moths were pale yellow on the epidermis, red and purple tubers had no apparent preference for oviposition; 6) Adults produced significantly more eggs on filter paper coated with n-hexane extract of potato tub than filter paper coated with n-hexane only. With the same extraction method, no chemicals were found on potato leaves that attracted potato tubers to lay their eggs. It is concluded that during the storage period, potato tubers will release some chemicals continuously to attract potato tubers to lay eggs on the tubers. Other characteristics of these chemicals are for further study.