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目的研究深圳成人乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)流行现状及其流行因素,探讨中国在城市化和工业现代化过程中人群的迁移对HBV流行及其消除的影响。方法采用横断面流行病学研究方法;血清样本用ELISA检测HBsAg、抗-HBc和抗-HBs标记。结果在1 081名成人中,HBsAg为7.2%;HBV流行率69.29%;HBV感染率45.79%。HBV阴性率30.71%。孕产妇HBsAg流行率为(13.17%)高于富士康老员工(2.79%)、新员工(7.08%)和门诊体检者(10.68%)。来自华南地区、受教育程度在初中及以下和≥30岁年龄组人群人群的HBsAg流行率(分别为14.22%、10.81%与10.71%)明显高于来自其他地区人群(华东地区0.00%、西北地区1.59%、华中地区6.50%、华北地区6.90%)、受教育程度在本科及以上(1.41%)和≤19岁年龄人群(4.17%)。家庭成员中有乙型病毒性肝炎病史者的HBsAg流行率(20.00%)高于家庭成员无该病史者(6.26%)。而不同人群中HBV的阴生率较高出现在年龄≤19岁(37.50%)、富士康新员工(33.02%)、家庭低收入(41.76%)、无乙肝疫苗接种史(43.56%)、户籍在山区农村(35.19%)和来自华北和西北地区(分别为55.17%和49.21%)人群。深圳市户籍人群有着最高的单一HBs流行率和HBV流行率与最低的HBsAg流行率(分别为40.00%、86.00%和4.00%)。结论孕产妇、来自华南地区、个人受教育程度低下和家庭成员中有乙型病毒性肝炎病史者是HBsAg携带的高危险人群;而年龄≤19岁、富士康新员工、家庭低收入、无乙肝疫苗接种史和来自华北和西北地区及户籍在山区农村的人群中存在着高比例的HBV易感者。
Objective To study the prevalence and prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in adults in Shenzhen and to explore the impact of population migration on HBV prevalence and elimination in China during urbanization and industrial modernization. Methods The method of cross-sectional epidemiology was used. Serum samples were tested for HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HBs by ELISA. Results Among the 1,081 adults, HBsAg was 7.2%, HBV prevalence was 69.29%, and HBV infection rate was 45.79%. The negative rate of HBV was 30.71%. The prevalence of HBsAg in pregnant women was 13.17% higher than Foxconn’s older employees (2.79%), new employees (7.08%) and outpatients (10.68%). The prevalence of HBsAg (14.22%, 10.81% and 10.71% respectively) in people from South China with education level of junior high school and below and of age≥30 was significantly higher than those from other regions (0.00% in East China, Northwest China 1.59% in Central China, 6.50% in Central China and 6.90% in North China), with education at bachelor degree or above (1.41%) and people aged ≤19 years (4.17%). The prevalence of HBsAg in family members with history of hepatitis B (20.00%) was higher than that of family members without history (6.26%). However, the prevalence of HBV in different populations was higher than that in patients aged ≤ 19 years old (37.50%), Foxconn new employees (33.02%), low income families (41.76%), no history of hepatitis B vaccination (43.56% Mountainous areas (35.19%) and people from North and Northwest China (55.17% and 49.21% respectively). The household population in Shenzhen has the highest prevalence of single HBs and the prevalence of HBV and the lowest prevalence of HBsAg (40.00%, 86.00% and 4.00%, respectively). Conclusions Maternity women from southern China, individuals with low level of education and history of hepatitis B among family members are at high risk of HBsAg infection. However, those aged less than 19 years old, Foxconn new employees, low-income families without hepatitis B vaccine Inoculation history and a high proportion of HBV-susceptible individuals from northern and northwestern China and those with household registration in mountainous rural areas.