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目的 了解食盐加碘对哺乳期母亲及婴儿碘营养水平的影响。方法 一次性收集2002年深圳市1所市区和2所农村妇幼医院分娩的哺乳期母亲(连续居住在深圳市3年以上)的乳汁及尿(含男婴尿)、家中食盐。除碘盐采用滴定法测定外,其余样品均采用尿碘的砷铈催化分光光度法测定。结果235份盐碘中位数为32.8mg/kg(范围0.1-83.0mg/kg),90％>15mg/kg;市区和农村盐碘中位数分别为29.6 mg/kg和33.2mg/kg。230份母亲尿碘与215份婴儿尿碘中位数分别为417.2μg/L(范围17.9-1384.0μg/L)和449.4μg/L(范围26.1-1 287.7μg/L)。148份乳汁碘中位数为184.0μg/L(范围8.3-3 909.5μg/L)。市区母亲尿碘、婴儿尿碘、乳汁碘中位数分别为735.0μg/L、721.8μg/L及480.6μg/L.农村则分别为256.1μg/L、117.1μg/L及317.8μg/L,市区均高于农村(P<0.01)。市区母尿与乳汁碘>1000μg/L分别为15.6％和23.2％,婴儿尿碘>800μg/L达41％;而农村母亲乳汁碘尚有39.2％<100μg/L。母亲尿碘和婴儿尿碘、母乳碘和婴儿尿碘均有相关性(r=0.211,r=0.321,均P<0.01)。结论 婴儿高碘与母乳高碘密切相关,母乳高碘与食盐加碘过高有关。在防治IDD的规划中应考虑适宜的食盐加碘量。
Objective To understand the effect of salt iodization on the iodine nutrition of lactating mothers and infants. Methods One-off collection of milk and urine (including baby boy urine) from the lactating mothers (living in Shenzhen city for more than 3 consecutive years) delivered in one urban area of Shenzhen and two rural women and children hospitals in 2002, salt in the home. In addition to iodized salt was determined by titration, the remaining samples were determined by urinary iodine arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry. Results The median of salt iodine in 235 samples was 32.8 mg / kg (range 0.1-83.0 mg / kg) and 90%> 15 mg / kg. The median salt and iodine concentrations in urban and rural areas were 29.6 mg / kg and 33.2 mg / kg . The median urinary iodine concentrations in 230 mothers and 215 infants were 417.2 μg / L (range 17.9-1384.0 μg / L) and 449.4 μg / L (range 26.1-1 287.7 μg / L), respectively. The median iodine in 148 milk samples was 184.0 μg / L (range 8.3-3 909.5 μg / L). The median urinary iodine, urinary iodine and milk iodine in urban mothers were 735.0μg / L, 721.8μg / L and 480.6μg / L respectively, while those in rural areas were 256.1μg / L, 117.1μg / L and 317.8μg / L respectively , Urban areas were higher than in rural areas (P <0.01). In urban area, the urinary iodine and milk iodine> 1000μg / L were 15.6% and 23.2% respectively, while the infant urinary iodine> 800μg / L was 41%. However, the milk iodine in rural mothers was 39.2% <100μg / L. The urinary iodine of the mother was correlated with the urinary iodine, the iodine of the breast milk and the urinary iodine of infants (r = 0.211, r = 0.321, all P <0.01). Conclusion High iodine in infants is closely related to high iodine in breast milk, and high iodine in breast milk is related to excessive iodine in breast milk. In the prevention and control of IDD planning should consider the appropriate salt iodization.