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通过3年试验已建立起一套可供育种利用的小麦未成熟胚离体培养技术,包括选取最适未成熟胚(直径为1.0～1.5mm)作外植体,在培养中期对愈伤组织进行选择、合理确定培养历期、妥善安排再生幼苗的出苗期、再生苗的保湿栽培以及无性株当代变异的鉴别与选择。采用本技术,3年内117个小麦品种的平均出愈率达77.0%,平均分化率为16.1%,S_2代有益变异率为6.0%,且已建立 S_1～S_4代含有5万个单株的无性株系鉴定选种圃。
A 3-year experiment has been established in vitro breeding of immature embryos can be used for breeding technology, including the selection of the most suitable immature embryos (diameter of 1.0 ~ 1.5mm) as explants in the mid-cultivation of callus Choose and reasonably determine the cultivation period, properly arrange the emergence of regenerative seedlings, the moisturizing cultivation of regenerative seedlings and the identification and selection of the contemporary variation of vegetative plants. The average outcrossing rate of 117 wheat cultivars was 77.0% within 3 years, the average rate of differentiation was 16.1%, the beneficial mutation rate of S_2 was 6.0%, and the number of individuals with S0 ~ Strain identification selection nursery.