β_2—微球蛋白(β_2-m)由 Berggard 等(1968年)首先发现。β_2-m 由100个氨基酸组成,分子量为11,000,与 HLA-1的 L 链及同种抗原决定簇(H 链)非共价结合,分布在除红细胞以外所有细胞如淋巴细胞和单核细胞等免疫活性细胞表面上。一般认为β_2-m 是由肿瘤细胞直接产生或由肿瘤浸润即被活化的免疫细胞产生。如产生过多,超过肾脏分解能力,势必造成血清浓度增高。血清正常范围(RIA 法)为0.8～1.8mg/L,超过2.5mg/L 为异常。 β_2-microglobulin (β_2-m) was first discovered by Berggard et al. (1968). β_2-m is composed of 100 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 11,000. It is non-covalently bound to the L chain and allo-antigenic determinant (H chain) of HLA-1 and is distributed in all cells except erythrocytes, such as lymphocytes and monocytes Immunologically active cells on the surface. It is generally believed that β_2-m is produced by tumor cells either directly or by tumor infiltrating immune cells that are activated. If produced too much, more than the ability of kidney decomposition, bound to cause increased serum concentrations. Serum normal range (RIA method) is 0.8 ~ 1.8mg / L, more than 2.5mg / L is abnormal.