OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of cloning of the hepatocyte receptor interacting with the Pre Slprotein of HBV by two-hybrid system.METHODS: Yeast expression plasmids encoding fusion proteins of full length or portions of Pre Sl ofHBV and DNA binding domain of yeast protein GAL4 were constructed and used to transform yeastreporter strain SFY526. Reporter gene product β-galactosidase activity was assayed as a measure oftranscriptional activation in yeast, Mammalian expression plasmid encoding fusion proteins of full lengthPre Sl and DNA binding domain of GAL4 was constructed and used to cotransfect hepatoma cell lineHuh-7 together with CAT reporter plasmid. Cell extracts were assayed for CAT activity by thin-layerchromatography.RESULTS: The fusion proteins of full length Pre Sl protein and GAL4 DNA binding domain presentedtranscriptional activation function in yeast. The transcription activating sequence was localized to the 21 to47 amino acids of Pre Sl protein. Fusion proteins of full length Pre Sl and GAL4 DNA binding domaindid not show transcriptional activation function in mammalian cells.CONCLUSIONS: The transcription activating sequence of HBV Pre Sl protein in yeast overlaps thehepatocyte receptor binding site. The transcriptional activation function of HBV Pre Sl protein in yeastmay prevent researchers from using yeast two-hybrid system to clone HBV receptor interacting with Pre Slprotein. However, the Pre Sl protein does not show transcriptional activation function in mammaliancells. Mammalian two-hybrid system may be a practical method to clone the HBV hepatocyte receptorinteracting with Pre Sl protein. OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of cloning of the hepatocyte receptor interacting with the PreSlprotein of HBV by two-hybrid system. METHODS: Yeast expression plasmids encoding fusion proteins of full length or portions of PreSlHBV and DNA binding domain of yeast protein GAL4 were constructed and used to transform yeast reporter strain SFY526. Reporter gene product β-galactosidase activity was assayed as a measure of transcriptional activation in yeast, Mammalian expression plasmid encoding fusion proteins of full length Prep and DNA binding domain of GAL4 was constructed and used to cotransfect hepatoma Cell lineHuh-7 together with CAT reporter plasmid. Cell extracts were assayed for CAT activity by thin-layer chromatography. RESULTS: The fusion proteins of full length Pre SI protein and GAL4 DNA binding domain presented transcription activation in yeast. The transcription activating sequence was localized to the 21 to47 amino acids of Pre Sl protein. Fusion proteins of full length Pre Sl and GAL4 DNA binding domaindid not show transcriptional activation function in mammalian cells. CONCLUSIONS: The transcription activating sequence of HBV Pre Sl protein in yeast overlaps the hepatocyte receptor binding site. The transcriptional activation function of HBV PreSl protein in yeastmay researchers from using yeast two-hybrid system to clone HBV receptor interacting with PreSlprotein. However, the PreSl protein does not show transcriptional activation function in mammalian cells. Mammalian two-hybrid system may be a practical method to clone the HBV hepatocyte receptor practice with Pre Sl protein.