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目的了解和分析2014年北京市丰台区某医院麻疹暴发疫情的流行病学特征和疫情发生的原因,为今后控制麻疹疫情提供参考。方法现场收集疫情资料,并对资料进行流行病学分析。结果 2014年3月4~14日,北京市丰台区某医院发生一起麻疹暴发疫情,共报告病例12例,均为医务人员,临床表现均有发热和出疹症状。病例所在科室处于楼梯口附近的共6个。门诊楼医务人员9例,住院楼医务人员3例。12例病例中有免疫史者4例,免疫史不详与无免疫史者分别为3例和5例。结论免疫空白是此次医院内麻疹疫情暴发的原因,及时有效地开展应急接种是控制麻疹疫情蔓延的主要措施。
Objective To understand and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles outbreaks in a hospital in Fengtai District of Beijing in 2014 and the causes of the outbreaks so as to provide reference for the future control of measles epidemics. Methods Epidemic data were collected on site and epidemiological analysis was performed on the data. Results From March 4 to 14, 2014, an outbreak of measles outbreak occurred in a hospital in Fengtai District of Beijing. A total of 12 cases were reported, all of them medical staffs. The clinical manifestations were both fever and rash. Cases where the department is located in the vicinity of the stairs a total of six. Outpatient building nine medical staff, hospital staff three cases. There were 4 cases of immunization history in 12 cases, 3 cases of unknown immunization history and 5 cases of no immunization history. Conclusions The immune blanket is the cause of the outbreak of measles in this hospital. The timely and effective emergency vaccination is the main measure to control the spread of the measles epidemic.