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[目的]构建与民族风俗习惯相适应的回族文化护理体系,以期通过文化护理提高回族病人的遵医行为和护理服务满意度,实现少数民族地区医疗护理服务的公平性。[方法]采用文献分析法对回族民族风俗习惯进行健康影响分类(危害健康因素和促进健康因素);继而以莱宁格的跨文化护理理论为指导,从文化关怀保存、文化关怀调适、文化关怀重建、与文化相匹配的护理关怀等四个方面构建回族文化护理体系。[结果]共有13项回族民族风俗习惯与健康相关,其中宗教信仰、礼拜、斋戒、饮食习惯及回族医疗体系对健康的影响具有促进和危害的双重性,而大小净、限制烟酒、回族体育文化、回族医学及回族临终关怀文化等属于促进健康因素。[结论]基于文献研究的结果,构建了回族文化护理体系,涵盖了民族风俗文化、健康信念及就医行为、生活方式及临终关怀等文化护理内容。
[Objective] To construct a Hui cultural care system that is suitable for ethnic customs and habits, with a view to enhancing the compliance of the Hui patients with medical services and nursing service satisfaction through cultural care so as to achieve the fairness of medical care services in ethnic minority areas. [Method] The literature analysis was used to classify the health effects of the ethnic customs of the Hui nationality (the factors that are harmful to health and the promotion of health), and then guided by Lenninger’s theory of intercultural nursing, from the aspects of cultural care preservation, cultural care adjustment, cultural care Reconstruction, cultural care and care to match the four aspects of the construction of Hui cultural care system. [Results] A total of 13 Hui ethnic customs and health related, including religion, worship, fasting, eating habits and the impact of the health system of the Hui nationality has the dual nature of promotion and harm, and the net size, alcohol and tobacco restrictions, Hui Sports Culture, Hui medicine and the Hui hospice culture belong to the promotion of health. [Conclusion] Based on the results of the literature research, the Hui ethnic culture nursing system was constructed, covering the cultural nursing contents such as national customs and culture, health belief, medical treatment, life style and hospice care.