论文部分内容阅读
[目的]探讨引进欧洲李品种在阿克苏的开花生物学特性,为欧洲李的丰产优质栽培奠定基础。[方法]调查‘斯坦勒’、‘法兰西’、‘女神’3个欧洲李品种的在阿克苏地区开花物候期、花器官形态特征、花粉量、花粉活力和柱头可授性。[结果]3个欧洲李品种的花期集中在4月初,花期持续时间为9~10 d,单花花药数平均28.48枚/蕾,单花花粉量平均值是28 700.0粒,花粉萌发率平均是27.4%,中长花柱花平均比率为86.75%;3个品种欧洲李的花瓣形状、颜色,花药、花萼颜色子房着生方式和花类型都基本上一致。3个欧洲李品种在开花当天柱头可授性变强,之后渐渐变弱。‘女神’的可授时期比较长,可持续5 d。[结论]‘斯坦勒’的单花花粉量和花粉萌发率较高,比较适合作为授粉树。而‘女神’和‘法兰西’的完全花比例都比较高,单花花粉量或者花粉萌发率较低,不适合作为授粉树。3个品种的花期相近,‘斯坦勒’可为其他2个品种授粉。
[Objective] The aim was to discuss the flowering biological characteristics of the introduction of European plum species in Aksu, and to lay the foundation for high yield and good quality cultivation of European plum. [Method] The flowering phenophases, floral organ morphological characteristics, pollen amount, pollen viability and stigma receptivity of three European plum species ’Stein’, ’France’ and ’Goddess’ were investigated in Aksu region. [Result] The flowering period of three European plum species was concentrated in early April, the duration of flowering was 9 ~ 10 days, the average number of single flower anther was 28.48 pieces / bud, the average single pollen amount was 28 700.0, pollen germination rate was 27.4%, the average length of the middle style column flower was 86.75%. The petal shape, color, anther and calyx color of the three cultivars were basically the same as the ovary implantation pattern and flower type. Three European plum species on the day of flowering stigma receptivity become stronger, then gradually weakened. The goddess can be granted for a longer period of 5 days. [Conclusion] The single flower pollen amount and pollen germination rate of ’Stanler’ were more suitable for pollination tree. However, the ratio of complete flower of ’goddess’ and ’france’ is relatively high, and the pollen amount or pollen germination rate is low, which is not suitable for pollination tree. The three species had similar flowering periods and Steinler pollinated the other two species.