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目的了解2005-2014年句容市法定传染病流行规律,为有效防控疫情提供科学依据。方法对疫情资料进行流行病学描述性分析,采用Excel2003和SPSS19.0统计分析,率的比较用检验,P<0.05为有统计学意义。结果句容市2005-2014年共报告法定传染病25种19657例,年均发病率321.78/10万,呈上升趋势(趋势=463.72,P<0.005);死亡38例,死亡率0.62/10万,病死率0.19%;肠道、呼吸道、自然疫源性及虫媒传染病和血源及性传播疾病的发病率(1/10万)分别为145.38、129.99、1.19和45.08。报告发病数居前五位的病种分别为手足口病、肺结核、流行性腮腺炎、病毒性肝炎、细菌性痢疾,构成比分别为32.77%(6441例)、23.06%(4533例)、11.50%(2260例)、7.69%(1511例)、7.23%(1421例)。男女性别比为1.64:1,发病率分别为418.87/10万、233.29/10万,年龄构成小年龄组高于其它年龄组;职业分布以农民、婴幼儿和学生为主;城区发病率高于农村;时间分布4-7月份和10-12月份呈现两个高峰。结论 2005-2014年句容市法定传染病总体呈上升趋势;传播途径以肠道和呼吸道传播为主;手足口病、肺结核、流行性腮腺炎、病毒性肝炎、细菌性痢疾、梅毒等为主要传染病,应调整防控策略,有效控制传染病流行。
Objective To understand the epidemic regularity of legal infectious diseases in Jurong City from 2005 to 2014 and provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and control of the epidemic. Methods Epidemiological descriptive analysis of epidemic situation data, using Excel2003 and SPSS19.0 statistical analysis, the rate of comparison test, P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 19 657 cases of legal infectious diseases were reported in Jurong City from 2005 to 2014, with an average annual incidence of 321.78 / 100 000, showing an upward trend (trend = 463.72, P <0.005); 38 died and the death rate was 0.62 / 100,000 , And the case fatality rate was 0.19%. The incidences of intestinal, respiratory, natural foci and vector-borne diseases and blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases were 1/10, respectively, 145.38, 129.99, 1.19 and 45.08. The top five reported cases were hand-foot-mouth disease, tuberculosis, mumps, viral hepatitis and bacillary dysentery respectively, with the proportions of 32.77% (6441 cases), 23.06% (4533 cases) and 11.50 % (2260 cases), 7.69% (1511 cases) and 7.23% (1421 cases). The male-to-female sex ratio was 1.64: 1, and the morbidity rates were 418.87 / lakhs and 233.29 / lakhs, respectively. The age distribution of young age groups was higher than that of other age groups. The occupational distribution was dominated by peasants, infants and young children and students. Rural areas; the time distribution showed two peaks in April-July and October-December. Conclusion The total number of notifiable infectious diseases in Jurong increased from 2005 to 2014. The main routes of transmission were intestinal and respiratory transmission. Hand-foot-mouth disease, tuberculosis, mumps, viral hepatitis, bacillary dysentery and syphilis were the main Infectious diseases, prevention and control strategies should be adjusted to effectively control the epidemic of infectious diseases.