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本文主要用金相、显微硬度、电阻和x射线衍射等方法研究了Au—18Ni—2 Cu—6 Zn合金。结果证明,该合金为时效硬化合金。时效硬化的本质是富Ni相的沉淀和Au_3 Zn有序相的形成。该合金在650℃以上,其组织为面心立方结构的单相固溶体。温度低于650℃,合金的组织由金基和镍基两种固溶体组成。500℃以下时效时,合金的组织由金基固溶体、镍基固溶体和Au_3Zn有序相组成。该合金的最佳性能可在700℃固溶处理,350℃时效1小时,此时该合金的维氏硬度为33okg/mm2,抗拉强度为114kg/mm2,电阻率为0.275Ω·mm2/m。该合金是与卡玛合金和康铜匹配的良好电刷材料,巳用于WXZ-2A型电位计和陀螺仪表。此外,本文也给出了该合金的抗氧化性、淬火介质的选择、加工率对合金性能的影响以及其他7种金基合金与卡玛合金和康铜匹配耐磨试验的结果。
In this paper, the Au-18Ni-2Cu-6Zn alloy has been studied by means of metallography, microhardness, electrical resistance and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the alloy is aging hardened alloy. The essence of age hardening is the precipitation of Ni-rich phase and the formation of ordered Au_3 Zn phase. The alloy at 650 ℃ above, the organization of face-centered cubic structure of single-phase solid solution. When the temperature is lower than 650 ℃, the microstructure of the alloy is composed of two kinds of solid solution of gold base and nickel base. When aging below 500 ℃, the microstructure of the alloy consists of gold-based solid solution, nickel-based solid solution and Au_3Zn ordered phase. The best properties of the alloy solution treatment at 700 ℃, aging at 350 ℃ for 1 hour, when the alloy Vickers hardness of 33okg / mm2, the tensile strength of 114kg / mm2, the resistivity of 0.275Ω · mm2 / m . This alloy is a good brush material for use with Kama alloys and Constantan and has been used in WXZ-2A potentiometers and gyroscopes. In addition, this article also gives the oxidation resistance of the alloy, the choice of quenching medium, the effect of processing rate on the performance of the alloy and other seven kinds of gold-based alloy and Kama alloy and health bronze matching wear test results.