20世纪中叶以来,信息科学各领域取得了巨大进展,特别是信息科学、信息技术及信息产业对促进国民经济、国防建设、科学研究等发展起到了重要作用,对人类社会产生了巨大影响。许多科学家认为,21世纪人类将全面进入信息时代。一、信息科学的发展、主要研究领域和未来发展方向信息科学的慨念问世于本世纪50年代末期。它最早起源于1959年的美国宾夕法尼亚大学的莫尔电子工程学院,用来描述一组计算机和电子通讯方面的课程,后又被称为计算机信息科学。信息科学主要是研究各种系统中信息过程(产生、采集、存储、变换、传递、处理和使用等)的一般规律,并能动地加以利用。信息科学是以信息为主要研究对象、以信息及其运动规律为主要研究内容、以信息科学方法论为主要方法、以扩展人的信息功能特别是其中的智力功能为主要研究目标的一门新兴的横断科学。信息科学包括 Since the middle of the 20th century, tremendous progress has been made in various fields of information science. In particular, information science, information technology and information industry have played an important role in promoting the development of the national economy, national defense and scientific research, and have had a tremendous impact on human society. Many scientists believe that in the 21st century, mankind will fully enter the information age. First, the development of information science, the main research areas and future direction of development Information science generous come out in the late 50s of this century. It first originated in 1959, the United States, the University of Pennsylvania Moore School of Electronic Engineering, used to describe a set of computer and electronic communications courses, then known as computer information science. Information science focuses on the general laws governing the information processes (production, acquisition, storage, transformation, delivery, processing and use, etc.) of various systems and makes use of them dynamically. Information science takes information as its main research object, information and its movement law as its main research contents, and information science methodology as the main method to expand human information function, especially its intellectual function as the main research goal. Transcritical science. Information Science includes