随着全面禁止核试验条约的签署,大气层核试验已全面禁止,地下核试验也受到极大的限制,但是,世界主要的核大国并未停止核军备的研究和发展。在积极研制和装备中子弹、冲击波弹、核电磁脉冲弹等第三代核武器的同时,美、法、俄等国已着手利用高技术的研究手段,研制第四代核武器。由于所用的关键技术和设施是核爆炸效应模拟技术和惯性约束聚变装置,不需要进行现实意义上的核试验。因此,巧妙地绕过了全面禁止核试验条约的限制。目前,已明确列入研制计划的第四代核武器中,较有代表性的有以下三种: With the signing of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, the nuclear test of the atmosphere has been totally banned and underground nuclear tests have also been greatly restricted. However, the major nuclear powers in the world have not stopped the study and development of nuclear armaments. While actively developing and equipping the third generation of nuclear weapons such as the medium-explosive bullets, the shock wave bombs and nuclear electromagnetic pulse bombs, the United States, France, Russia and other countries have started to use the high-tech research methods to develop the fourth generation of nuclear weapons. Since the key technologies and facilities used are nuclear explosion effects simulation technology and inertial confinement fusion devices, no real-life nuclear tests are needed. As a result, the restrictions on a comprehensive test-ban treaty have been artfully circumvented. At present, the fourth generation of nuclear weapons that have been explicitly listed in the plan for development have the following three types: