定制补高鞋对结构性下肢不等长脑性瘫痪患儿步行能力影响的1例报道

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下肢不等长(leg length discrepancy,LLD), 是指双下肢长度不相等,分为结构性不等长和功能性不等长 [1-4].结构性不等长是指下肢存在骨性长度差异 [4,5],根据长度差异及引起不等长的原因可以采用手术或补高鞋、足部矫形器等保守方法.功能性不等长是由下肢关节的生物力学功能差异引起的 [3,4],如单侧足部过度旋前 [5]、骨盆倾斜、软组织挛缩等,其治疗方法也要根据原因合理选择足部矫形器、功能锻炼或手法治疗.LLD会引起脊柱、骨盆、膝关节、踝关节的姿势和步态改变 [6],增加行走时肌肉的能量消耗 [7].当LLD>5 mm时,会出现步态不对称 [8].
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