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目的:探讨防治西洋参病虫害和保护幼苗的有效方法。方法:利用西洋参苗期病虫害疫土盆栽来自留坝县参农的西洋参催芽种,并以不同方式和剂量施用4种农药(吡虫啉可湿性粉剂、咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂、毒死蜱颗粒剂和毒·辛颗粒剂),检测其防治苗期病虫害及其保苗效果。结果:苗期病虫害以球囊线蚓(Enchytraeus bulbosus)、罗宾根螨(Rhizoglyphus robini)和2种根腐病菌(Cylindrocarpon destructans,Phytophthora cactorum)为主,既可土传也可种传。以吡虫啉可湿性粉剂加咯菌腈种衣剂复合液拌种、再与毒·辛颗粒剂拌土相结合的处理,具有显著的防治和保苗效果(P<0.05);上述3种农药单施的效果居中,而毒死蜱颗粒剂的单施几乎无效。结论:上述种子处理与土壤处理相结合,能有效降低西洋参种传与土传病虫害,是防治西洋参苗期病虫害并保护幼苗的优选措施;建议示范、推广。
Objective: To explore effective methods of preventing and curing American pest and disease and protecting seedlings. Methods: The American ginseng germinated from ginseng farms in Liuba county was potted in the soil of pest and disease of American Ginseng at the seedling stage. Four kinds of pesticides (imidacloprid wettable powder, fludioxonil suspended seed coating, chlorpyrifos granules and poison Xin Xin granules), to test its prevention and control of pests and diseases and seedling effect. Results: The seedling pests were mainly Enchytrae bulbosus, Rhizoglyphus robini and two kinds of Cylindrocarpon destructans (Phytophthora cactorum), both soil-borne and seed-borne. With imidacloprid wettable powder plus fludioxonil seed coating liquid mixture dressing, and then combined with the poison Xin Xin granules mixed soil treatment, with significant control and seedling protection effect (P <0.05); the above three kinds of pesticides single application The effect of the middle, and chlorpyrifos granules single application is almost ineffective. Conclusion: The above combination of seed treatment and soil treatment can effectively reduce the propagation and soil-borne diseases and insect pests in American ginseng. It is a preferable measure to prevent and control the diseases and insect pests of American ginseng at the seedling stage and protect the seedlings. It is suggested to demonstrate and popularize.