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近年来对卵巢细胞凋亡的胞内机制研究取得了很大的进展。已知卵巢体细胞和生殖细胞的凋亡参与了卵泡的发育和闭锁,体细胞(主要指颗粒细胞)的凋亡决定于Bcl-2家族、Caspases家族和Apaf-1三大类基因表达产物的相互作用与平衡,其中Bcl-2家族又分为三个亚家族,对凋亡分别有着抑制或促进的作用,它们之间亦保持着平衡。Caspases家族成员又有不同的分工,分别在凋亡的起始和效应阶段发挥作用。APaf-1则是连接上游调控因子(如Bcl-2家族)和下游效应分子(如Caspases家族)的重要的中间蛋白质。颗粒细胞的凋亡主要在发育晚期的卵泡闭销中起主导作用,而卵细胞的凋亡主要在发育早期的卵泡闭锁中起主导作用。
In recent years, the intracellular mechanism of ovarian apoptosis has made great progress. It is known that apoptosis of ovarian somatic cells and germ cells is involved in the development and atresia of follicles. Apoptosis of somatic cells (mainly granulosa cells) is determined by the expression of Bcl-2 family, Caspases family and Apaf-1 gene expression products Interaction and balance, including Bcl-2 family is divided into three subfamilies, respectively, have a role in the inhibition or promotion of apoptosis, they also maintain a balance between. Caspases family members have different division of labor, respectively, in the initiation and effect of apoptosis play a role. APaf-1 is an important intermediate protein that links upstream regulators (such as the Bcl-2 family) and downstream effector molecules (such as the Caspases family). Apoptosis of granulosa cells mainly plays a leading role in the follicle shut-off of late stage of development, while the apoptosis of egg cells plays a dominant role in follicular atresia in early development.