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近年来,西方国家为了使专门人才的培养工作能适应社会经济发展的需要,在加强高等教育办学的针对性和实用性方面采取了一系列有效措施。这些措施主要包括以下几点:一、根据产业结构的变化和要求以及所在地区的需要设置课程在日本,高等专科学校和专修学校从实际需要出发,设置社会急需的专业和课程。例如,专修学校主要包括八类课程:医疗类、工业类、家政类、商业服务类、文化教育类、教育与社会福利类、农业类、矿业类。仅工业类就设有电器、电子、机械、电子计算机、情报处理、土木建筑等学科。由于学校课程、专业设置顺应了社会发展需求,使得毕业生深受社会各部门的欢迎,具有很高的就业率。据统计,在20世纪80年代初,日本专修学校毕业生的就业率就达到85%,高等专科学校毕业生的就业率就达到95%以上,
In recent years, western countries have taken a series of effective measures to strengthen the pertinence and practicability of running higher education in order to adapt the cultivation of specialized personnel to the needs of social and economic development. These measures include the following: First, according to the changes in industrial structure and requirements and the needs of the region to set up the curriculum in Japan, colleges and specialized schools starting from the actual needs of the community to set up the much needed professional and curriculum. For example, the specialized schools mainly include eight kinds of courses: medical, industrial, domestic and political, commercial service, culture and education, education and social welfare, agriculture and mining. Only industrial category with electrical, electronic, mechanical, computer, intelligence processing, civil construction and other disciplines. As the school curriculum, professional settings to meet the social development needs, making the graduates welcomed by all sectors of society, with a high employment rate. According to statistics, in the early 1980s, Japan's employment rate of college graduates reached 85%, college graduates employment rate reached 95% or more,