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日本海上保安厅建立于1948年,其总任务是保障海上航行安全、维持海上交通秩序。具体工作内容如下: 一、警备与救难 1.领海及200海里水域的警备据统计,1979年因避风浪、发生海难等理由进入日本水域的外国船舶有1,853艘。1980年上半年发现侵入日本领海的外国渔船有1,005艘,进入日本200海里渔业水域的有15,665艘。数量相当可观。至今为止,实行12海里领海的国家有81个,实行200海里领海的有14个国家,实行200海里经济水域的有50个国家,实行200海里渔业水域的国家有22个。随着管辖水域的扩大,各国都很重视海域的警备。
Japan Coast Guard was established in 1948 with the overall task of ensuring the safety of maritime navigation and maintaining maritime traffic order. The details of the work are as follows: I. Guard and rescue 1. Marine waters and the watershed at 200 nautical miles According to statistics, there were 1,853 foreign vessels entering the waters of Japan due to storm surges and shipwrecks in 1979. In the first half of 1980, there were 1,005 foreign fishing vessels intruding into Japan’s territorial waters and 15,665 fishing vessels entering 200 nautical miles of Japan’s fishing waters. The amount is considerable. So far, 81 have implemented territorial waters of 12 nautical miles, 14 have adopted territorial waters of 200 nautical miles, 50 have adopted 200 nautical miles of economic waters, and 22 have adopted 200 nautical-fishery waters. With the expansion of the jurisdictional waters, all countries attach great importance to the waters guard.