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目的:了解昆山市使用有机溶剂的企业作业场所空气中部分有机毒物的污染现状,预防职业中毒的发生。方法:根据中华人民共和国国家标准,对昆山市使用有机溶剂的400家企业作业场所空气进行采样,测定正己烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、丁酮7种有机物的含量。结果正己烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、丁酮检出率分别为65.82%、5.60%、53.69%、37.23%、49.36%、27.14%、44.53%;超标率分别为3.39%、0.60%、2.79%、1.70%、3.22%、1.07%、1.62%;各类企业中,除了苯和丁酮外其余均有统计学意义。结论:昆山市使用有机溶剂的企业作业场所有机物污染现状不容乐观,应尽量使用低毒的替代品,改进工艺,加强对该类企业特别是重点企业的监督监测工作。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the status quo of the contamination of some organic toxins in the air in the workplace of enterprises using organic solvents in Kunshan and prevent the occurrence of occupational poisonings. Methods: According to the national standard of the People’s Republic of China, the air samples of 400 enterprises in Kunshan using organic solvents were sampled and the contents of n-hexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate and butanone content. Results The detection rates of n-hexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate and butanone were 65.82%, 5.60%, 53.69%, 37.23%, 49.36%, 27.14% and 44.53% 3.39%, 0.60%, 2.79%, 1.70%, 3.22%, 1.07%, 1.62%. Among all kinds of enterprises, except for benzene and butanone, the rest were statistically significant. Conclusion: The current situation of organic pollution in the workplace of enterprises using organic solvents in Kunshan City is not optimistic. We should try our best to use low-toxicity alternatives, improve technology and strengthen supervision and monitoring of such enterprises, especially key enterprises.