青少年正处在世界观、人生观和价值观的形成时期,可变性大,可塑性强。特别是在经济转轨、社会转型的今天,由文化金融、思想碰撞、信息庞杂、价值多元带来的新情况,对涉世未深,心理发展尚不成熟的青少年影响尤甚。积极应对这种挑战,必须进一步加强青少年的思想道德建设。在学校教育中注重以各个学科为依据,充分发挥课堂主渠道作用,特别是在小学科学学科教学中最大限度地根据学科特点,深入挖掘教材中蕴涵的德育因素,联系实际渗透德育。一、对学生进行爱国主义教育在现行新课程科学教材中,有许多课文可以渗透爱国主义教育。如有的课文反映文明古国的悠久历史,教师在备课时,要努力做到挖掘教材,揭示“知识点”和“德育点”的内在联系,在 Adolescents are in the formative period of world outlook, outlook on life and values, with great variability and strong plasticity. Especially in the economic transition and social transformation, the new situation brought by the cultural finance, the collision of ideas, the complex information and the diversity of values ​​have a particularly strong impact on the adolescents who are still immature and whose psychological development is immature. To actively respond to this challenge, we must further strengthen the ideological and moral construction of young people. In school education, attention should be given to all disciplines as a basis to give full play to the role of the main channel in the classroom. In particular, in the teaching of primary science, the moral education embodied in the textbooks should be tapped to the maximum extent based on the characteristics of the disciplines. I. Patriotism Education for Students There are many texts that can penetrate patriotic education in the current new curriculum science textbooks. When some texts reflect the long history of the ancient civilization, teachers should make every effort to excavate the teaching materials and reveal the internal connection between “knowledge point” and “moral education point”