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以自制La2O3/Mg O固体碱为催化剂,采用脂肪酸甲酯甘油解合成单甘酯;采用薄层色谱、柱色谱、FTIR、1HNMR对产品进行了分离和鉴定;考察了反应温度、甘油与脂肪酸甲酯投料比、反应时间以及催化剂用量对单甘酯产率的影响。结果表明,合成产物单甘酯的红外光谱图与其标准品红外谱图相符;1HNMR数据表明,产品单甘酯为亚油酸单甘酯和棕榈酸单甘酯的混合物;合成单甘酯的最适宜条件为:反应温度240℃,催化剂添加量0.75%(以脂肪酸甲酯质量计),投料比n(甘油)∶n(脂肪酸甲酯)=2∶1,反应时间2.5 h;在该条件下单甘酯产率达70.53%。
The product was isolated and identified by TLC, FTIR and 1HNMR. The effects of reaction temperature, glycerol and fatty acid methyl ester Ester feed ratio, reaction time and the amount of catalyst on the yield of monoglycerides. The results showed that the IR spectrum of the monoglyceride product was in good agreement with the IR spectrum of the standard product. The 1H NMR data showed that the monoglyceride product was a mixture of monoglyceride linoleate and monoglyceride palmitate. The suitable reaction conditions are as follows: the reaction temperature is 240 ℃, the amount of catalyst is 0.75% (based on the mass of fatty acid methyl ester), the ratio of n (glycerol): n (fatty acid methyl ester) = 2:1 and the reaction time is 2.5 h Monoglyceride yield of 70.53%.