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仪器正确定向是保证仪器观测质量的一个重要环节。由于地磁场的长期变化,仪器需要定期重新定向。本文应用全国44个地磁台站2008—2012年观测数据,研究了各台站D分量的长期变化特征。结果表明,仪器定向位置和被测磁场位置产生较大偏离时,必须重新定向。同时首次提出影响定向精度的零场漂移S0,并根据理论计算在红山地磁台实地开展测量,测量结果表明,零场漂移S0数值达到50.3 n T,超出D分量定向输出范围(磁静日时日变缓慢时间段为-50n T—+50n T)。
Correct orientation of the instrument is an important part of the quality of the instrument. Due to the long-term changes in the geomagnetic field, the instrument needs to be redirected periodically. In this paper, the observational data of 44 geomagnetic stations in China from 2008 to 2012 are used to study the long-term variation of the D component at each station. The results show that when the orientation of the instrument deviates from the measured magnetic field position, it must be redirected. At the same time, the zero-field drift S0 that affects the orientation accuracy is first proposed and measured at Hongshan Meteorological Station based on theoretical calculation. The measurement results show that the zero-field drift S0 reaches 50.3 n T, which is beyond the output range of the D component Daily slow change in time is -50n T- + 50n T).