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目的探讨低浓度血铅水平对儿童神经行为功能的影响。方法于2008年选择某铅锌冶炼厂周边污染程度不同的2所小学168名学生作为研究对象(污染区:A校,97人;清洁区:B校,71人),进行问卷调查,以石墨炉原子吸收法检测血铅含量,计算机化神经行为评价系统中文第三版(NES-C3)进行儿童神经行为功能测试。结果学校A儿童血铅水平显著高于学校B(P<0.01)。单因素分析和多元回归分析均显示学校A儿童视觉保留、线条判断的神经行为能力指数(NAI)低于学校B儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);血铅水平与儿童神经行为功能NAI进行Spearman相关性分析,血铅水平与视觉保留NAI间存在显著负相关(P<0.01)。结论环境铅污染对儿童神经行为功能会产生一定影响。
Objective To investigate the effect of low blood lead levels on neurobehavioral function in children. Methods A total of 168 students from 2 primary schools with different levels of pollution around a lead-zinc smelter were selected as research objects (polluted area: A school, 97 people; clean area: B school, 71 people) in 2008, The content of blood lead was measured by furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The NES-C3 was used to test the neurobehavioral function in children. Results The level of blood lead in school A children was significantly higher than that in school B (P <0.01). Univariate analysis and multivariate regression analysis showed that children with visual retention at school A had lower neurotic ability index (NAI) than children at school B, with significant difference (P <0.05); blood lead level was positively correlated with children’s neurobehavioral function NAI Spearman correlation analysis, there was a significant negative correlation (P <0.01) between blood lead and visual retention of NAI. Conclusion Environmental lead pollution has a certain impact on children’s neurobehavioral function.