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KFW开发性业务围绕四个目标开展,即创造更多就业岗位、提供更优教育资源、提高能源使用效率和提供良好生活环境。KFW在德国的开发性业务包括:初创企业、环境保护、创新、教育培训等七大类,每类业务又提供了若干融资产品。KFW开发性业务发展有以下特点:1.业务覆盖范围广,信贷产品丰富;2.基础设施贷款占比低,资金主要投向了环境保护、教育培训等开发性领域;3.借款主体主要是中小企业和个人,对大型企业限制严格;4.贷款笔数多,单笔贷款金额小;5.融资条件优惠;6.一般通过商业银行转贷,直接贷款占比低。借鉴KFW经验,我国开发性金融应对其业务发展做出必要调整:1.减少“两基一支”贷款,增加环境保护、初创企业等其他开发贷款;2.减少对大型垄断企业和地方政府贷款,增加对中小企业和个人的贷款;3.探索通过商业银行发放贷款,解决机构少、人员少和业务发展小型化精细化的矛盾;4.提供丰富的信贷产品,满足消费者差异化的金融需求。
KFW’s development business is centered around four objectives: creating more jobs, providing better educational resources, improving energy efficiency and providing a better living environment. KFW’s development activities in Germany include seven categories: start-ups, environmental protection, innovation, education and training. Each category of business provides a number of financing products. 2. The development of KFW’s development business has the following characteristics: 1. The business covers a wide range and the credit products are abundant. 2. The proportion of infrastructure loans is low, and the funds are mainly invested in the development fields such as environmental protection, education and training. 3. The main borrowers are small and medium-sized Enterprises and individuals, the strict restrictions on large enterprises; 4. Loans more than a single small amount of loans; 5. Financing conditions concessions; 6. Generally through the commercial bank lending, the proportion of direct loans is low. Draw lessons from KFW’s experience, China’s development finance should make the necessary adjustments to its business development: 1. Reduce “two bases and one” loan and increase other development loans such as environmental protection and start-ups; 2. Reduce the need for large-scale monopoly enterprises and localities Government loans to increase loans to small and medium-sized enterprises and individuals; 3. Explore loans through commercial banks to address the contradiction of less institutions, fewer personnel and small business development refinement; 4. To provide rich credit products to meet consumer differentiation Financial needs.