所谓自主学习,是指学生在教师的科学指导下,主动的创造性的学习活动。美国心理学家齐莫曼教授对自主学习进行了全面深入地研究。他认为:当学生在认知、动机、行为三个方面都是一个积极的参与者时,其学习就是自主的。可见自主学习的特点就是强调学生的自主参与性,它是以学生学习兴趣和内在需要为基础、以自主探究实践对象为特征、以实现综合发展学生主体能力为目的的。因此,我们在课堂教学中,不能仅仅追求学生发言频率、覆盖面广、 The so-called autonomous learning, refers to the students under the guidance of the teacher's science, the initiative of creative learning activities. American psychologist Professor Qi Moman conducted a comprehensive and in-depth study of autonomous learning. He believes that when a student is an active participant in all three aspects of cognition, motivation, and behavior, his / her learning is autonomous. It can be seen that the characteristic of autonomous learning is to emphasize the students' autonomous participation. It is based on the students' interest in learning and their intrinsic needs, and is characterized by the independent exploration of practical objects in order to achieve the goal of comprehensive development of students' subjective ability. Therefore, we in the classroom teaching, we can not only pursue the frequency of student speech, covering a wide range,