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风蚀在黄土高原风水蚀复合区的侵蚀产沙中扮演着重要的角色。利用窟野河流域神木水文站水沙资料及有关气象资料,分析了风蚀对窟野河神木水文站以上流域产沙贡献的时间尺度特征。结果表明,风力的侵蚀搬运对窟野河流域产沙起着重要的作用。月时间尺度上,风沙入河量存在“存储—释放”的过程;风蚀产沙贡献在3月和11—12月出现高峰值,4—9月风蚀贡献率逐渐降低;冬春季节淤积的泥沙,在夏季逐渐被冲走,到了9月,把淤积的泥沙最大限度冲走而开始新的淤积过程;月时间尺度上风蚀贡献率与风蚀气候因子分布趋势一致;7、8两月的风沙贡献量占年风蚀贡献总量的80.5%,风沙贡献量的峰值出现在7月,约7.75×106t。季尺度上,夏季风蚀贡献率最低,仅7.8%。秋、冬季逐渐升高,春季达到最高,风蚀贡献率为28.6%。年尺度上,风力作用对神木水文站以上流域的产沙贡献为17.2%,风蚀贡献量为12.7×106t/a。
Wind erosion plays an important role in the erosion and sediment production of the Feng-shui-eclogite complex in the Loess Plateau. Based on the water and sediment data and relevant meteorological data of the Shenmu Hydrological Station in the Kuye River Basin, the time-scale features of the contribution of wind erosion to the sediment production above the Shenmu Hydrological Station in the Kuye River were analyzed. The results show that the erosion and removal of wind power plays an important role in the production of water in the Kuye River Basin. On the monthly time scale, there was a “storage-release” process of wind-blown rivers into the river; the contribution of wind-blown sediment yield peaked in March and November-December, and the contribution rate of wind erosion decreased gradually from April to September; Of the sediment was gradually washed away in the summer, by September, the maximum siltation of sediment washed away and start a new deposition process; monthly time scale wind erosion contribution rate and wind erosion climate factor distribution trend; 7,8 two The annual contribution of wind-blown sand contributes 80.5% of the total contribution of annual wind erosion. The peak of wind-blown sand contribution appears in July, about 7.75 × 106t. On the seasonal scale, the contribution of summer wind erosion is the lowest, only 7.8%. Autumn and winter increased gradually, reaching the highest in spring, and the contribution rate of wind erosion was 28.6%. On the annual scale, the wind contribution to the watershed above Shenmu Hydrological Station contributed 17.2% of the total sands, and the contribution of wind erosion was 12.7 × 106t / a.