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[目的]分析麻疹发病年龄特征,了解麻疹疫苗强化免疫对发病的影响。[方法]对2004～2008年南充市顺庆区麻疹病例年龄特征进行描述流行病学分析;比较2007年麻疹疫苗强化免疫前后麻疹发病年龄特征。[结果]2004～2007年南充市顺庆区共报告麻疹病例数460例。83.70%(385/460)的麻疹患者为15岁以下儿童,其中婴儿麻疹病例构成比分别为0%、10.81%、13.51%、25.82%。2007年9月进行麻疹疫苗强化免疫,2008年仅发生麻疹病例数10例。其中80.00%(8/10)的病例为15岁以下儿童,婴儿麻疹病例构成比为40.00%。2007年、2008年麻疹病例年龄构成之间的差异没有统计学意义(P=0.842,P﹥0.05)。[结论]2004年以来南充市顺庆区麻疹发病年龄特征发生较大变化,婴儿麻疹病例构成比持续增加。麻疹疫苗强化免疫对麻疹发病年龄分布影响不大。应进一步针对麻疹发病年龄特征发生的变化,开展防控和消除麻疹的应用性研究。
[Objective] To analyze the age of onset of measles and to understand the impact of measles vaccine on its incidence. [Methods] The epidemiological analysis of the age characteristics of measles cases in Shunqing District of Nanchong City from 2004 to 2008 was conducted. The age of onset of measles cases before and after the 2007 measles vaccine immunization was compared. [Results] A total of 460 measles cases were reported in Shunqing District of Nanchong City from 2004 to 2007. 83.70% (385/460) of measles patients were children under 15 years of age, of which the proportion of infant measles cases were 0%, 10.81%, 13.51% and 25.82% respectively. In September 2007, the measles vaccine was boosted. In 2008, only 10 cases of measles occurred. Among them, 80.00% (8/10) of the cases were children under 15 years old, and the percentage of measles cases was 40.00%. There was no significant difference in the age constitution of measles cases in 2007 and 2008 (P = 0.842, P> 0.05). [Conclusion] The age of onset of measles in Shunqing district of Nanchong City has changed greatly since 2004, and the proportion of measles cases in infants continues to increase. Measles vaccine immunization has little effect on the age distribution of measles. Should be further for the onset of measles age characteristics of the occurrence of changes to carry out prevention and control of measles and applied research.