论文部分内容阅读
enough是个兼类词，它可以用作形容词、副词或名词，是初中英语中的重点词汇之一，也是中考常考的重点内容之一，现将其用法归纳如下，以期对学习者有所帮助。
一、enough作形容词
Ⅰ. 作定语，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。修饰名词时，放在名词前后均可。如：
Are there enough seats for ten persons? 有没有足够十个人坐的座位?
We have enough food for a week. 我们有足够维持一周的食物。
I don’t have wine enough（=enough wine） for five persons. 我的酒不够5个人喝。
Ⅱ. 作表语，只有当主语是代词、数词和“数词+名词”时，enough才能作表语；如果主语是名词，enough不能作表语用。如：
That’s enough. Thank you. 够了，谢谢。
Five is enough. 五个足够了。
Will 12 apples be enough? 十二个苹果够不够?
试比较以下句子：
1． The beer isn’t enough.
There isn’t enough beer. 啤酒不够。
2． Was the time enough?
Did you have enough time? 时间够吗?
如果 enough 之后跟其它修饰语，如不定式或for短语时，前面的主语不受限制。如：
The time is enough to finish it.=There is enough time to finish it. 有足够的时间完成这一工作。
The food is enough for us two.=There is enough food for us two. 有足够我们俩吃的食物。
二、作代词，充当主语、宾语。如：
Enough has been said on this subject 关于这个问题说得已经够多的了。
——Do you need some more materials? 你们还需要些材料吗?
——No, thanks. Enough have been supplied for us. 不要了，谢谢!提供给我们的已经够了。
I have enough to do today. 今天我有足够多的事要做。
三、作副词
Ⅰ． 修饰形容词和副词时，必须放在它们之后。如：
This room is large enough for us to sleep in.
这个房间足够大，我们睡得下。（不可说 enough large）
He knows the situation well enough. 他对情况了解得非常清楚。（不可说 enough well）
Ⅱ． 修饰动词时，常用于句型 can’t/can never do…enough 中，表示“无论怎么做都不为过”。如：
I can never thank you enough. 我对你感激不尽。
He is such a good engineer that we can not praise him enough.
他是个很好的工程师，我们再称赞他也不为过。
四、当enough和另一形容词同时修饰一个名词时，有两种不同的位置。此时，实际词序取决于enough修饰的是形容词还是名词。
Ⅰ． enough 放在形容词之后，此时enough修饰形容词，结构为“adj.+enough+名词”，表示“足够……的……”。如：
a large enough room 一间足够大的房间
a deep enough well 一口足够深的井
I don’t have big enough nails to mend the cupboard. 我没有足够大的钉子来修理柜子。
Ⅱ． enough放在形容词之前，此时enough修饰名词，结构为“enough+adj.+名词”,表示“足够多的……”。如：
enough large rooms 足够多的大房间
enough deep wells 足够多的深井
I don’t have enough big nails to mend the cupboard. 我没有足够多的大钉子来修理柜子。
五、与介词 of 构成短语 enough of，使用这一短语时，须遵守如下规律：
Ⅰ. enough of+限定词+名词，其中限定词为冠词、物主代词或指示代词。如：
Is there enough of the blue material?=Is there enough blue material?
有足够的蓝色布料吗?
Ⅱ. enough of+代词。如：
I’ve had enough of your complaints.=I’ve had enough complaints from you.
你的抱怨我已经听够了。
六、enough 之后可以跟for短语、不定式或for sb. to do sth.结构。如：
There isn’t enough ice cream for all the children. 冰淇淋不够分给所有的小孩。
He was lucky enough to succeed in his first attempt.
他够幸运的了，第一次尝试就成功了。
He spoke slowly enough for everyone to understand. 他说话慢得每个人都能听懂。
七、enough 不能与 no 构成否定句，只能借助 not 以及其他否定词构成否定句。如：
We have not enough glasses for everyone.（不能说成 no enough glasses）
我们的杯子不够分给每个人。
We had hardly enough food to go around at the picnic.（不能说成 no enough food）
我们的食物刚够分给参加野餐的人。
He has barely enough money to live on.（不能说成 no enough money）
他的钱仅够维持生活。
八、常用于句型“Would you be kind/good enough to do sth.?”表示礼貌的请求。如：
Would you be kind enough to let us know the date of your arrival?
请把你到达的日期告诉我们好吗?
Would you be good enough to open a window? 请打开一扇窗户好吗?
一、enough作形容词
Ⅰ. 作定语，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。修饰名词时，放在名词前后均可。如：
Are there enough seats for ten persons? 有没有足够十个人坐的座位?
We have enough food for a week. 我们有足够维持一周的食物。
I don’t have wine enough（=enough wine） for five persons. 我的酒不够5个人喝。
Ⅱ. 作表语，只有当主语是代词、数词和“数词+名词”时，enough才能作表语；如果主语是名词，enough不能作表语用。如：
That’s enough. Thank you. 够了，谢谢。
Five is enough. 五个足够了。
Will 12 apples be enough? 十二个苹果够不够?
试比较以下句子：
1． The beer isn’t enough.
There isn’t enough beer. 啤酒不够。
2． Was the time enough?
Did you have enough time? 时间够吗?
如果 enough 之后跟其它修饰语，如不定式或for短语时，前面的主语不受限制。如：
The time is enough to finish it.=There is enough time to finish it. 有足够的时间完成这一工作。
The food is enough for us two.=There is enough food for us two. 有足够我们俩吃的食物。
二、作代词，充当主语、宾语。如：
Enough has been said on this subject 关于这个问题说得已经够多的了。
——Do you need some more materials? 你们还需要些材料吗?
——No, thanks. Enough have been supplied for us. 不要了，谢谢!提供给我们的已经够了。
I have enough to do today. 今天我有足够多的事要做。
三、作副词
Ⅰ． 修饰形容词和副词时，必须放在它们之后。如：
This room is large enough for us to sleep in.
这个房间足够大，我们睡得下。（不可说 enough large）
He knows the situation well enough. 他对情况了解得非常清楚。（不可说 enough well）
Ⅱ． 修饰动词时，常用于句型 can’t/can never do…enough 中，表示“无论怎么做都不为过”。如：
I can never thank you enough. 我对你感激不尽。
He is such a good engineer that we can not praise him enough.
他是个很好的工程师，我们再称赞他也不为过。
四、当enough和另一形容词同时修饰一个名词时，有两种不同的位置。此时，实际词序取决于enough修饰的是形容词还是名词。
Ⅰ． enough 放在形容词之后，此时enough修饰形容词，结构为“adj.+enough+名词”，表示“足够……的……”。如：
a large enough room 一间足够大的房间
a deep enough well 一口足够深的井
I don’t have big enough nails to mend the cupboard. 我没有足够大的钉子来修理柜子。
Ⅱ． enough放在形容词之前，此时enough修饰名词，结构为“enough+adj.+名词”,表示“足够多的……”。如：
enough large rooms 足够多的大房间
enough deep wells 足够多的深井
I don’t have enough big nails to mend the cupboard. 我没有足够多的大钉子来修理柜子。
五、与介词 of 构成短语 enough of，使用这一短语时，须遵守如下规律：
Ⅰ. enough of+限定词+名词，其中限定词为冠词、物主代词或指示代词。如：
Is there enough of the blue material?=Is there enough blue material?
有足够的蓝色布料吗?
Ⅱ. enough of+代词。如：
I’ve had enough of your complaints.=I’ve had enough complaints from you.
你的抱怨我已经听够了。
六、enough 之后可以跟for短语、不定式或for sb. to do sth.结构。如：
There isn’t enough ice cream for all the children. 冰淇淋不够分给所有的小孩。
He was lucky enough to succeed in his first attempt.
他够幸运的了，第一次尝试就成功了。
He spoke slowly enough for everyone to understand. 他说话慢得每个人都能听懂。
七、enough 不能与 no 构成否定句，只能借助 not 以及其他否定词构成否定句。如：
We have not enough glasses for everyone.（不能说成 no enough glasses）
我们的杯子不够分给每个人。
We had hardly enough food to go around at the picnic.（不能说成 no enough food）
我们的食物刚够分给参加野餐的人。
He has barely enough money to live on.（不能说成 no enough money）
他的钱仅够维持生活。
八、常用于句型“Would you be kind/good enough to do sth.?”表示礼貌的请求。如：
Would you be kind enough to let us know the date of your arrival?
请把你到达的日期告诉我们好吗?
Would you be good enough to open a window? 请打开一扇窗户好吗?