我国是一个人口大国,受教育人口众多、教育规模较大、投入相对较少是长期以来我国基础教育的基本国情。在相当长的一个时期内,整个基础教育的改革与发展都是在条件比较困难的背景下展开的。但是,在这样艰苦的条件下,我国基础教育还是保持了比较高的发展水平。特别是最近30多年来,我国基础教育改革发展方面的成就举世瞩目:不仅全面完成了普及义务教育的任务,而且在保障中小学基本学业水平和学业质量方面也成就斐然。相关国际比较研究表明, As a large populous country, China has a large population of education, a large scale of education and relatively little investment. It is a basic national condition of China’s basic education for a long time. In a fairly long period of time, the reform and development of the entire basic education have been carried out under the more difficult conditions. However, under such arduous conditions, our basic education has maintained a relatively high level of development. In particular, achievements made in the reform and development of basic education in our country have attracted worldwide attention in recent 30 years. Not only has this fully accomplished the task of popularizing compulsory education, but it has also made remarkable achievements in ensuring the basic academic standards and academic quality of primary and secondary schools. Relevant international comparative studies show that,