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【目的】猎物质量和类型在捕食者食物选择、消耗及营养转化过程中起着重要作用,植物的营养质量影响植食者的营养质量,进而植食者作为捕食者猎物的营养质量。为进一步了解植物-猎物-捕食者三营养层的相互作用,研究了寄主植物对捕食者食物消耗与利用的影响。【方法】在室内评价了多异瓢虫Hippodamia variegata(Goeze)4龄幼虫和雌成虫取食和利用5种不同葫芦科植物上的棉蚜Aphis gossypii Glover的效率。【结果】多异瓢虫4龄幼虫和成虫均对南瓜Cucurbita moschata var.melonaeformis上的蚜虫取食量最高,而对瓢葫芦Lagenaria siceraria var.gourda上的蚜虫取食量最低。4龄幼虫取食哈密瓜Cucumis melo var.cantalupensis上的蚜虫时,其相对生长率、食物利用率和食物转化率均达到最大,而雌成虫在取食黄瓜Cucumis sativus和搅瓜Cucurbita pepo var.medullosa上的蚜虫时,其相对生长率不存在显著差异,在取食黄瓜、瓢葫芦和搅瓜上的蚜虫时,其食物利用率和食物转化率也不存在显著差异。因此,哈密瓜上的瓜蚜更适宜作为多异瓢虫4龄幼虫的猎物,而黄瓜、瓢葫芦和搅瓜上的瓜蚜更适宜作为成虫的猎物。【结论】寄主植物种类与多异瓢虫对棉蚜的捕食效率相关,该结论为进一步利用昆虫的食性对害虫进行控制奠定理论基础。
【Objective】 The quality and type of prey plays an important role in the process of food selection, consumption and nutrition conversion of the predator. The nutritional quality of plants affects the nutritional quality of plant-foragers and thus the nutritional quality of the predators as predator prey. In order to further understand the interaction between plant-prey-predator three trophic layers, the effects of host plants on food consumption and utilization of predators were studied. 【Method】 The efficiency of feeding and utilizing the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii Glover on 4th instar larvae and female adults of Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) was evaluated indoors. 【Result】 The results showed that all the 4th instar larvae and adults of A. polygalae had the highest aphid feeding on Cucurbita moschata var. Melonaeformis and the lowest aphid infestation on L. grisea var.gourda. The 4th instar larvae fed on the aphids on Cucumber (Cucumis melo var. Camalupensis) had the highest relative growth rate, food utilization rate and food conversion rate, while the female adults on the cucumber Cucumis sativus and Cucurbita pepo var. Medullosa There was no significant difference in the relative growth rates between the aphids and the aphids on cucumber, calabash and cucumber. There was also no significant difference in food utilization rate and food conversion rate. Therefore, the melon aphid on the cantaloupe is more suitable as a prey for the fourth instar larvae of the polychaete ladybird, while the cucurbit aphid on the cucumber, the calabash and the melon is more suitable as the prey for the adult. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that the host plant species was related to the predation efficiency of the ladybugs on the cotton aphid. This conclusion laid the theoretical foundation for further controlling the insect pests by the feeding habits of insects.