对遵义地区居民中应用开放式炉灶的、经保守治疗无效的萎缩性鼻炎(AR)患者行鼻域缩窄术,于术前术后钳取鼻粘膜行病理和组织化学观察,并以正常人作为对照。结果是:手术前与手术后3个月比较差异不明显;但随时间的延长鼻粘膜均有显著的变化。术后6年鼻粘膜几乎恢复达正常程度,但恢复的假复层柱状上皮仍有部分纤毛脱落;固有层中腺体数量增加,但腺体部分细胞排列不整;血管内膜虽未见明显增厚,但血管周围仍有炎细胞浸润(对照组则无)。故术后仍未能恢复到完全正常程度,结合本地区AR特点,提示应加强AR的预防工作;鼻阈缩窄手术仍不失为治疗AR的一种好方法。 Nasal constriction was performed in patients with atrophic rhinitis (AR) who were treated with an open stove in Zunyi, and nasal mucosa was dissected before and after surgery. Normal people as comparison. The result: preoperative and postoperative 3 months, the difference was not obvious; but with the extension of time nasal mucosa have significant changes. Nasal mucosa almost recovered to normal level 6 years after operation, but there was still some cilia shedding in the pseudostratified columnar epithelium. The number of glands in the lamina propria increased but some cells in the glandular cells were not arranged properly. Thick, but there is still infiltration of inflammatory cells around the blood vessels (control group did not). So it still can not be restored to full normal postoperative, combined with the characteristics of AR in the region, suggesting that the prevention of AR should be strengthened; nose narrowing surgery is still a good way to treat AR.