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黑烟囱,是从洋底“烟囱”口中冒出来的过热溶液与海水混合而沉淀下来的细粒磁黄铁矿、闪锌矿、少量黄铁矿和微量方黄铜矿所组成的黑色柱状体。在1979年隆起考察期间,用《阿尔文号》潜水器对北纬21°的东太平洋隆起轴部作了考察,本文研究的即为该潜水器从黑烟囱喷口中采集到的三个烟囱样品。从上述采样烟囱中流出来的流体的实测温度约350℃。这些流体为强酸性(pH 值约为4)和还原性。其中一个样品(914R-8)是在掀去顶部的烟囱底部上方约1米处采
Black chimneys are black columnar grains of fine-grained pyrrhotite, sphalerite, a small amount of pyrite, and trace chalcopyrite that have been precipitated by the overheating solution coming out of the mouth of the “ocean floor” chimney. body. During the uplift of 1979, the Eastern Alps uplift axis of latitude 21 ° North Pacific was investigated using the “Alvin” submersible. This paper deals with three samples of the chimney collected from the chimney vents at the submersible. The measured temperature of the fluid flowing out of the sampling chimney is about 350 ° C. These fluids are strongly acidic (about pH 4) and reducible. One of the samples (914R-8) was taken approximately 1 meter above the bottom of the chimney lift to the top