乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）是一种高度变异的病毒，由于病毒变异后往往引起抗原性和致病性的改变，所以认为ＨＢＶ感染在临床上出现的不同疾病谱与病毒变异有关。在ＨＢＶ４个开放阅读框架（ＯＲＦ）中，对Ｃ区和Ｘ区基因变异已作了不少报道；Ｐ区由于与其它３个区重叠，Ｐ基因变 Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a highly variant virus. Because virus often leads to changes in antigenicity and pathogenicity after virus mutation, it is considered that different clinical manifestations of HBV infection are associated with virus mutation. In the four open reading frames (ORFs) of HBV, gene mutations in C and X regions have been reported; in P region, overlapping with other three regions, P gene mutation