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目的分析北京市小学生对肥胖儿童的看法和态度,为青少年肥胖的预防和控制提供基础资料。方法从北京市东城区和崇文区随机选取小学生4 482名(男生2 335名,女生2 147名),采用自填式问卷收集学生对肥胖儿童的看法与态度。结果近40%以上的小学生对肥胖学生的正面看法是人好、自信心强、饭量大、喜欢交朋友,负面看法是不勤快、身材差、活动不灵活、不爱运动、反应迟钝和易生病。男、女生对肥胖学生的看法在人缘、自信心、身材、运动喜好、反应速度5个方面差异有统计学意义,女生更认可其人好(χ2=16.668,P<0.01)、身材差(χ2=61.743,P<0.01)、不爱运动(χ2=15.060,P<0.01),男生则更认可其自信心强(χ2=7.127,P=0.028)、反应迟钝(χ2=6.867,P=0.032)。结论北京市城区小学生对肥胖儿童存在一定的偏见,但有些正面看法的信息没有传达给肥胖儿童。应该指导小学生及其家长正确看待肥胖,给予肥胖儿童更多的关心和支持。
Objective To analyze the attitudes and attitudes of pupils in Beijing to obese children and provide basic information for the prevention and control of obesity in adolescents. Methods A total of 4 482 primary school students (2 335 boys and 2 147 girls) were randomly selected from Dongcheng District and Chongwen District in Beijing. The students’ attitudes and attitudes towards obese children were collected by self-administered questionnaires. The results of nearly 40% of primary school students on the obese students positive view is good, strong self-confidence, heavy appetite, like to make friends, negative views are not diligent, poor body, activities inflexible, not sports, unresponsive and prone to illness . Male and female students’ perceptions of obese students were significantly different in terms of popularity, self-confidence, body shape, exercise preference, and reaction speed. Girls were more likely to recognize their health (χ2 = 16.668, P <0.01) (Χ2 = 6.867, P = 0.032), who did not like exercise (χ2 = 15.060, P <0.01), and boys were more likely to be more confident (χ2 = 7.127, . Conclusion Primary school children in Beijing city have some prejudice to obese children, but some positive opinions are not communicated to obese children. Pupils and their parents should be instructed correctly, giving obese children more care and support.