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原发性骨质疏松症不仅表现骨量的减少，而且出现骨组织内部形态结构的改变和骨组织强度降低。其中以骨小梁面积减少最为明显。免疫组化发现，骨细胞上有雌激素和雄激素受体，缺乏雌激素受体的患者极易发生骨质疏松。另外，一些细胞因子也与骨代谢密切相关。
Primary osteoporosis not only shows a decrease in bone mass, but also changes in the internal morphological structure of bone tissue and decrease in bone tissue strength. One of the most obvious reduction of trabecular area. Immunohistochemistry found that osteoporosis prone to osteoporosis occurs in patients with estrogen and androgen receptors on osteocytes. In addition, some cytokines are also closely related to bone metabolism.